Posts Tagged: Roundup

Monthly news roundup: July 2017

Can a pay raise fix agriculture industry's labor crisis? Yes and no
Lisa M. Krieger, San Jose Mercury News, July 30, 2017
“As migration drops, it becomes more important to keep the best workers around, so farmers are willing to do that,” said Jeffrey M. Perloff, a professor in the Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics at the University of California at Berkeley. Meanwhile, companies that pay premium wages just pull workers from elsewhere, said UC Davis agricultural economist Philip Martin. “They tend to cream off the best workers….It's like when everybody wanted to work for IBM.” Higher wages and rising labor costs are prompting farmers to pursue four strategies, which Martin calls “stretch, substitute, supplement and satisfy.”

New orchard systems advisor returns home
David Eddy, Growing Produce, July 29, 2017
Luke Milliron, the new orchard systems advisor for UC Cooperative Extension in Butte, Glenn and Tehama counties, knows the lay of the land. He grew up in nearly Chico and completed his bachelor's degree at Chico State. Milliron also earned a master's degree at UC Davis in the midst of the drought, a good time to study the measurement of almond tree water stress during dormancy.

Tehama County UC Cooperative Extension gets new director
Julie Zeeb, Red Bluff Daily News, July 26, 2017
Josh Davy may be new to the Tehama County UC Cooperative Extension Director position, assuming it July 1 following the retirement of Rick Buchner, but he is not new to Tehama County. Davy joined UCCE as a research tech in 2004. He returned to school while working and graduated with a master's degree in animal biology from UC Davis. Davy was named a UCCE advisor in 2009.

Holy Guacamole: How the Hass Avocado Conquered the World
Brian Handwerk, Smithsonian, July 28, 2017
Looking for a sign of the apocalypse? Consider this: Our global obsession with guacamole and avocado toast has helped spawn record avocado prices, financial woes for millennials and even an uptick in avocado-related crime. Recently, three men were busted for selling off more than $300,000 worth of Hass avocados. They'd stolen the produce from the California agriculture firm that employed them, then passed them off at discount prices that seemed—and were—too good to be true. “Avocados are very subject to theft,” says Mary Lu Arpaia, a horticulturist and expert avocado breeder at the University of California at Riverside. “If you're not very honest, it's sometimes easy picking.” Call it Grand Theft Avo. 

Wildfire Season Is Scorching the West
Andrea Thompson, Climate Central, July 28, 2017
Now bouts of hot, dry weather are coming earlier and earlier, setting the stage for prime fire conditions. Southern California already has a nearly year-round fire season, Scott Stephens, a professor of fire science at the University of California, Berkeley, said. With those hot periods likely coming earlier and earlier in spring and summer as global temperatures continue to rise, “you're going to have a longer period where fire can ignite and move,” Stephens said.

Calif. continues citrus pest program with widespread support
Tim Hearden, Capital Press, July 28, 2017
For its part, the UC has hired and trained four “scouts” to carefully roam citrus orchards looking for signs of the psyllid. The scouts examine newly emerging leaves and tap branches to bat pests onto a clipboard. The scouting project aims to avoid a repeat of what happened in Florida, where the pest was left unchecked when it first invaded citrus growing regions and swept through the state, UC entomology specialist Beth Grafton-Cardwell said.

Master Gardener: Darker areas on citrus leaves could signal iron deficiency
Ottillia “Toots” Bier, Press Enterprise, July 25, 2017
Q.  The newest leaves of my citrus trees have dark green areas around the veins but the rest of the leaf is light green.  What is wrong?
A. The leaf condition you describe is called interveinal chlorosis and is most commonly caused by a deficiency of iron in the plant. Ottillia “Toots” Bier has been a UC Cooperative Extension master gardener since 1980.

California winemakers no longer fight drought – now it's mildew
Lynn Alley, Wine Spectator, July 24, 2017
After years of drought, California vintners are enjoying wetter conditions this year. But that means vineyards are being plagued with a new problem: mildew. "If you don't find mildew in your vineyards, you haven't looked hard enough," said Glenn McGourty, a UCCE viticulture for Mendocino County. Mark Battany, UCCE viticulture advisor for San Luis Obispo and northern Santa Barbara counties, says that cooler coastal areas in those counties have been ripe for powdery mildew this year. "We've also seen some limited downy mildew, a European import, in a few locations this season," he said. "Quite rare for California."

Worsening labor shortage poses financial challenge to East Contra Costa County farmers — and consumers
Rowena Coetsee, East Bay Times, July 24, 2017
Growers were facing smaller profit margins following the elimination of tariffs on produce imported from Mexico, but the real trouble began when the federal government began cracking down on illegal immigration in the 1990s. East Bay growers also are competing for workers with their counterparts in the Central Valley, where there's a shortage as well, said Janet Caprile, UC Cooperative Extension advisor in Contra Costa County.

Aggressive, stinging colonies of wasps out early this year in Sacramento County
Bill Lindelof, Sacramento Bee, July 24, 2017
In on Sacramento County five-acre property, officials treated 90 yellow jacket nests. The reporter used UC ANR resources to round out the story, noting that yellow jackets usually sting at nesting sites and when someone tries to swat them away from a food source. Defensive behavior gets more aggressive as populations become larger at the same time food gets scarce late in the season.

California academic institutions join the AgTech revolution
Aaron Melgar, SiliconAngle.com, July 24, 2017
The food supply chain is so intertwined and complex that making a meaningful change to it requires coordination, according to UC ANR vice president Glenda Humiston. “It really does take a systems approach. A great example is that UC Davis, my division and other parts of the UC system are working on a central valley agriculture plus food and beverage consortium,” Humiston said. “It's looking at bringing around the table folks from R&D, trained workforce, adequate infrastructure, finance, supply chain and having them actually work together to design what's needed.” This article features 15-minute interview on The Cube with Humiston and Helene Dillard, dean of the UC Davis College of Agriculture and Environmental Science.

Smoke from wildfires worries winemakers
Jenice Tupolo, Daily Democrat, July 22, 2017
Exposure to wildfire smoke during veraison can drastically change a grape's flavor. “Smoke in the wine is difficult to blend out and it makes wine less marketable,” said UC Cooperative Extension viticulture specialist Kaan Kurtural. Luckily, the smoke flavor doesn't carry over to the next season, Kurtural added.

The Detwiler Fire is active at night, and a scientist says that's relatively new
Lewis Griswold, The Fresno Bee, July 22, 2017
A prolonged drought, tall grasses, steep terrain and erratic winds made the Detwiler Fire in Mariposa County difficult to get under control. In addition, the fire isn't “laying down” at night, which is critical for operations. “People keep saying the fire isn't going down at night,” said Scott Stephens, UC ANR researcher and fire science professor at UC Berkeley. “That's something we've been hearing from firefighters since 2008.”

Why California's wildfires have burned so much area so early this season
Sally Schilling, Capital Public Radio, July 21, 2017
California wildfires have burned more than three times the acreage compared to this time last year, which is attributed to thick grass that grew after this year's heavy rainfall. "I think that really hot June weather dried out the fuels much more quickly and made them available to burn," said Scott Stephens, UC ANR researcher and fire science professor at UC Berkeley. “Now we're into just the beginning of August, late July and we're seeing these types of fires."

One good thing about temperatures above 104 degrees
Debbie Arrington, Sacramento Bee, July 21, 2017
The summer heat wave appears to have squelched Sacramento's local population explosion of brown marmorated stink bugs. “This year, BMSB started off at historic lows (since 2013),” said UC Cooperative Extension advisor Chuck Ingels. “Then, the June heat wave hit and the population that was there plummeted. It seems to be proof that temperatures over 100 for extended periods reduces the population – probably especially eggs and nymphs.”

As California's labor shortage grows, farmers race to replace workers with robots
Geoffrey Mohan, Los Angeles Times, July 21, 2017
The $47-billion agriculture industry will have to remake its fields with more machines and better-educated workers, or risk losing entire crops, economists say. On crop mentioned in the story is raisins, which requires new varieties to accommodate mechanization. The Sunpreme, developed for “dried on the vine” production by a retired USDA plant scientist, may soon be widely available, said Matthew Fidelibus, UC Cooperative Extension specialist.

Avocado demand is up, but California growers have been pulling out trees. What gives?
Gabrielle Karol, KXTB ABC 10, July 20, 2017
With high prices for avocados and ever-growing demand for the fruit, who's getting rich off avocados? It's not California's growers, says San Luis Obispo farmer Jim Shanley, pointing to the high cost of labor in California compared to Mexico. UC Cooperative Extension specialist Mary Lu Arpaia and staff research associate Eric Focht are working on identifying new, hardier varieties that could weather more extreme temperatures in the Central Valley.

New UCCE farm advisor Luke Milliron explains focus as orchard systems advisor
Cecilia Parsons, Western Farm Press, July 19, 2017
Luke Milliron belongs to the newest ‘crop' of University of California Cooperative Extension farm advisors. Milliron was a UCCE horticulture intern through an internship program funded by the Almond Board of California and the California Dried Plum Board. The program trains the next generation of UCCE farm advisors, ensuring that vital research continues for California farm commodities.

Supervisors vote to end participation in Elk River program
Ruth Schneider, Times-Standard, July 18, 2017
The program was designed to support projects and activities that are beneficial to the watershed and was a coordinated effort from multiple agencies including Humboldt County Public Works, University of California Cooperative Extension, the North Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board, CalTrout and USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. Public Works and UC Cooperative Extension decided this year “irreconcilable differences” were straining the cooperation and opted to end participation in the program.

Students learn about hydrology, wildlife, forests, climate and ecology
Union-Democrat, July 14, 2017
California Big Trees State Park graduated 25 students in its summer 2017 California Natural Class. The class is held in partnership with UC ANR. The graduates are now part of a larger, growing community of California Naturalists, who continue to learn about and protect the unique and precious natural resources and public lands. Volunteerism is a key focus of all California Naturalists, and the new graduates will share the new knowledge of nature at Big Trees and throughout California.

UCCE economist Shermain Hardesty retires after more than 30 years
Penny Leff, Davis Enterprise, July 9, 2017
After serving farmers and ranchers as an economist for more than 30 years, including 13 years as a UC Cooperative Extension specialist, Shermain Hardesty retired on July 1.

Drone video: Take a flight over the Sacramento Valley sunflower fields that are exploding right now
Amy Graff, San Francisco Chronicle, July 7, 2017
The Sacramento Valley has nearly 50,000 acres of sunflowers and is the largest producer of hybrid seeds in the country, making up more than 90 percent of the U.S. crop, according to Rachel Long, a farm advisor with the UC Cooperative Extension based in Woodland. Most of the seeds in the valley are shipped to Russia, Eastern Europe, Canada and North and South Dakota, where they are used for sunflower oil production.

Your orange tree may be harboring a dangerous pest
Dale Kasler, Sacramento Bee, July 7, 2017
The discovery of an Asian citrus psyllid in Roseville is the third to be found in the Sacramento area since last fall. The bugs generally move north on agricultural trucks or are carried by unwitting consumers carrying plants or fruit. “It's incidental, it's accidental, but it's happening,” said Chuck Ingels, a UC Cooperative Extension farm advisor.

Quick – how does broccoli grow? The crop-challenged can find answers here
Debbie Arrington, Sacramento Bee, July 7, 2017
The California State Fair will again include a 3.5 acre farm during its July 14-20 run. In addition to edible crops, the farm features several home gardening displays including how to attract pollinators and alternatives to lawn. Over the course of the fair, more than 100 UC Cooperative Extension Master Gardeners will offer advice and answer questions.

Roundup Ready alfalfa news and a news roundup

Late last month, USDA once again deregulated genetically modified alfalfa. The action prompted extensive news media coverage, with many articles centering on outcry from organic growers who are not comfortable with the idea of GMO/non-GMO coexistence.

According to a DTN blog, UC Davis Cooperative Extension alfalfa specialist Dan Putnam said he doesn't believe the deregulation puts organic alfalfa at risk.

"I don't believe it is certain. I believe it is something we can manage and prevent," he said.

Putnam's research results on alfalfa cross-contamination were noted in a  blog on The Atlantic. A 2008 study found that when a Roundup Ready alfalfa seed crop and a non-Roundup Ready hay crop were grown 160 feet apart, the rate of successful gene flow from GM seed crop to non-GM hay crop was 0.25 percent - considered a small risk.

Nevertheless, Putnam said USDA's deregulaton decision likely won't put the controversy to rest.

"There's no question the lawsuits will continue. They would probably continue regardless of whichever way they went," he was quoted.

News roundup

Here are a few news stories that appeared this week that touched on ANR:

Sumo citrus. LA Times freelance food writer David Karp introduced readers to a new citrus variety, the Sumo. "Think of a huge mandarin, easy to peel and seedless, with firm flesh that melts in the mouth, an intense sweetness balanced by refreshing acidity, and a complex, lingering mandarin orange aroma," Karp wrote. "I've tasted more than 1,000 varieties of citrus, and to me the Dekopon (Sumo) is the most delicious." The Citrus Clonal Protection Program at UC Riverside played a role in making the Japanese fruit available to Americans by cleaning imported budwood to be sure it is free of diseases, a process that took several years.

Garden recycling. The L.A. At Home blog in the LA Times outlined ideas for putting recyclables to work in the garden, gleaned from Yvonne Savio, the manager of the LA Master Gardener program. The post illustrates a compost bin made of rusty bedsprings, an old bathtub turned into an ornamental shade garden, aluminum roasting pans that were recycled into seed-starting trays and plastic water bottles that double as water channeling containers.

Cheaters never prosper. In a move aimed at ending cheating at farmers' markets, the CDFA is proposing a significant fee hike for vendors - from 60 cents to $4. The $4 fee would raise about $1.5 million annually, much of which would be used to hire full-time CDFA officers based in Northern, Central and Southern California to conduct farm and market inspections, according to the LA Times.

Creating jobs. The head of USDA's Rural Development office in California visited Santa Cruz County to offer her agency's help to create jobs, said a story in the Santa Cruz Sentinel. "As a nation we have hemorrhaged jobs," said Glenda Humiston. "The jobs we've lost, virtually none of them are coming back." Pointing to positive steps to alleviate the problem, she noted that the Center for Regional Change at UC Davis is studying ways to innovate financial systems to invest local money locally.

Roundup Ready canola becomes a problem weed in California

Two UC Cooperative Extension farm advisors have found that Roundup Ready canola can be overly persistent in California, according to an article in Western Farm Press.

Doug Munier of UCCE in Glenn County and Kent Brittan of UCCE in Yolo County studied the herbicide-resistant oil crop to determine its potential for biofuel. However, they found that yields were too low to make canola a profitable irrigated California crop.

"They gave up on canola, but canola did not give up on California," wrote Farm Press editor Harry Cline. "It is still around in many fields, three or four years after it was grown as a commercial crop."

The problem is canola's tendency to shatter. Seed matures from the base of the stem sequentially up to the top of the main stem. By the time the seed at the upper part of the plant is mature, the pods at the bottom of the plant will likely have fallen to the ground, or "shattered."

Munier told the reporter that a significant percentage of canola's "shattered seed" does not germinate the following year. When the shattered seed is incorporated into dry soil, it creates secondary seed dormancy.

As an example, Munier related the experience of a Sacramento Valley farmer growing Roundup Ready alfalfa.

“The grower sprayed his Roundup Ready alfalfa and got beautiful weed control except for what he thought was mustard. The herbicide did not touch it," Munier was quoted in the story. "His PCA looked closer and discovered it was Roundup Ready canola. Recognizing the problem, he rogued out the canola."

For a trial in the Chico area, Munier planted Roundup Ready canola in the fall of 2006. Harvested the next summer, the field was summer fallowed in 2007 followed by fall-planted wheat. Roundup Ready canola volunteers from the 2007 harvest are still sprouting in 2010.

“This is not just a weed, but one totally resistant to Roundup, a herbicide that is intensely used in a wide variety of high value crops in California,” Munier told the reporter.

Canola reseach plot.

Read more